This chapter considers a range of issues related to the study of Philippine English vocabulary, including the importance of dictionaries in the legitimation of world Englishes, the description of lexical innovations, and the historical development and codification of the Philippine English lexicon. Philippine English has a distinctive localized vocabulary which finds expression in a range of settings, including government, education, and the media, as well as the personal domain. Recent attempts to promote dictionaries with a more authentic coverage of contemporary Philippine English vocabulary have been well-received, but have failed to gain a wide following. This chapter suggests that this failure may in part be explained by the broader history of the lexicography of Philippine languages, which dates from the sixteenth century, as well as a consideration of the sociolinguistic realities.