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Philippine EnglishLinguistic and Literary$
Philippine English: Linguistic and Literary

M. A. Lourdes S. Bautista and Kingsley Bolton

Print publication date: 2008

Print ISBN-13: 9789622099470

Published to Hong Kong Scholarship Online: September 2011

DOI: 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099470.001.0001

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(p.395) Index

(p.395) Index

Source:
Philippine English
Publisher:
Hong Kong University Press
Abad, Antonio 358
Abad, Gémino H. 7, 77, 263, 269–70, 272, 279–98, 308, 359
Abad-Jugo, Cyan, see Jugo, Cyan Abad
abrogation 267–71
Achebe, Chinua 97, 264
Adlawan, Tem 365
Adler, Martha A. 319
Adolphs, Svenja 219
Agcaoili, T. D. 304–5
Agoncillo, Teodoro A. 108, 110, 124
Aguila, Cesar 310
Aguilar, Jose V. 30
Agustin, Jim Pascual 295, 347
Ahmad, Aijah 68, 78
Ahmed, Zubair 225
Alberca, Wilfredo L. 14, 19, 58, 158, 169, 201
Alberto, P. L. 267
Alcantara, Gene 347
Alegre, Edilberto N. 255
Alias, Denise Chou 123
Alip, Eufronio M. 257
Almario, Virgilio 123
Alumit, Noel 345–6
Alvarez, Ivy 347
Alzona, Encarnacion 318
Amansec, Lilia Pablo 305, 307
America 24, 131, 146, 148, 177, 248, 282, 284, 293, 302, 321, 323, 325–6, 329, 342, 346, 348; see also United States
Anderson, Benedict 7–8, 76, 115, 123, 322, 324
Angeles, Carlos A. 286–7, 294, 342
Anvil-Macquarie Dictionary 58, 184–7; see also dictionaries
Apeles, Teena 350
Apostol, Gina 310, 349
appropriation 271–6
Aquino, Belinda A. 346
Aquino, Benigno ‘Ninoy’ 111, 308
Aquino, Cesar Ruiz 295, 305
Aquino, Corazon C. 3, 5, 22, 115, 308
Aquino, Cory, see Aquino, Corazon C.
Aquino, Milagros R. 58
Arañas, Patria Garcia 201
Arcellana, Francisco 293, 299, 302–5, 313, 342
Arcellana, Juaniyo 295
Arguilla, Manuel E. 95, 293, 295, 303, 313
Ashcroft, Bill 67–9, 261–2, 267–8, 271
Asian Englishes 21, 24, 61, 67–86, 157, 180, 183, 204, 217, 220, 225, 234
Ateneo de Manila University 307, 309, 321; see also universities
Aureus, Carlos 308
Australian English 176, 178
Austronesian languages 2, 18, 131–56, 222
Ayala, Jose V. 305
Azurin, Arnold Molina 96–7
Bacho, Peter 349
Baguingan, Gloria D. 36
Bailey, Richard 264
Bain, Peter 220, 228
(p.396) bakla 120–2
bakya 105–10, 302, 311
Baldauf, Richard B. 189
Bankoff, Greg 4
Banzon, Isabela, see Mooney, Isabela Banzon
Barot, Rick 350
basilect 20, 158–70, 172–4, 232; see also acrolect; edulect; lects; mesolect
Batacan, Felisa H. 347
Bauer, Laurie 176
Bautista, Cirilo F. 18, 24, 285–6
Bautista, Ma. Lourdes S. 1–9, 19–21, 34, 41, 55–6, 58, 70, 74, 77, 93, 96, 158–9, 183–4, 187, 190, 201–18, 220, 222, 225–6, 234, 266–8, 273, 330, 371–94
Benitez, Paz Marquez 95, 247, 255, 303
Benjamin, Walter 318
Bernad, Miguel A. 96, 246–7, 279–81, 290–1, 329
Bernal, Ishmael 311
Bernardo, Allan B. I. 4, 7, 29–48, 74–6
Berns, Margie 68
Beyer, H. Otley 182
Bhabha, Homi K. 68
Biala, Arlene 350
bibliographical resources 371–94
Bicol, see Bikol
Bicolano, see Bikol
Bikol 131–56, 180, 338
Bilingual Education Policy (BEP) of 1974, the 32, 40, 42, 74, 90–1, 107, 159, 330; see also bilingual education
bilingualism 20, 39, 291, 376–82; see also multilingualism
Bismonte, Marie 345
Black, Jan Knippers 69, 72
Blair, Emma Helen 182, 318
Blake, Frank R. 188–9
Blanco, Marivi Soliven 308, 350
Bloomaert, Jan 81
Bloomfield, Leonard 154
Bobis, Merlinda 295, 310, 347
Bolton, Kingsley 1–9, 55, 57–8, 67–9, 80, 159, 175–200, 220, 225
Brainard, Cecilia Manguera, see Manguera-Brainard, Cecilia
Brathwaite, Edward Kamau 261, 267–8
Bresnahan, Roger J. 320
Brew, Frances P. 235
Brillantes, Gregorio 304, 306
Brion, Rofel G. 324
Brocka, Lino 311
Brooks, Cleanth 285
Brown, Penelope 60
Brutt-Griffler, J. 157
Bulosan, Carlos 16, 284, 287, 300, 304, 310, 321, 328, 340–1, 349
Bunao, G. Burce 305
Business Processing Outsourcing (BPO) operations 5, 219–42
Butler, Susan 7, 57–8, 175–200, 220
Cabalquinto, Luis 295, 344
Cabico, Reggie 345
cacique democracy 115
Cairns, David R. 235–6
Calalang, Casiano 254–5
call centers: industry 5, 23, 76, 219–42
communication 228–30
communication problems 230–1
discourse and strategic competence 235–7
language accuracy 234–5
phonological aspects 231–3
Calleja, Marissa O. 36, 43
Calucag, Ernesto B. 23
Cameron, Deborah 219–20
Campomanes, Oscar V. 95, 314
Canagarajah, Suresh 67, 78
Canale, Michael 230
Canieso-Doronila, Maria Luisa 74
Cannell, Fenella 125
Carbo, Nick 339, 344–5
Cariño, Maria Luisa A., see Igloria, Luisa
Carnoy, Martin 38
Carunungan, Celso Al 321
Casambre, Nelia G. 158, 201, 208
Casanova, Pascale 330
Casper, Leonard 285, 294, 305–6, 313, 331, 343–4
Casper, Linda Ty 306, 308, 321, 328, 343, 346
(p.397) Castillo, Erwin 305, 307, 364
Cebu 107
Cebuano writers 357–68
Cebuano, Cebuanos 2, 8, 21, 63, 131–56, 163, 188, 222, 247, 319, 338–9, 343, 362
census 4, 14, 21, 319
Cerenio, Virginia 346, 349–50
Chai, Arlene J. 310, 321, 347
Chang, Chih-Mei 43–4
Cheah, Pheng 322
Chu, Yiu Wai 68
Churchill, Bernardita 14
class, see social class
code-mixing 40, 93, 144–5, 383–5
Collins COBUILD Dictionary 204, 210–11, 213; see also dictionaries
colonial education 245–60
colonial literary canon 247–55
colonial period 13–16
communists 326, 328, 332
Constantino, Ernesto A. 154
Constantino, Renato 31, 33–4, 76, 247, 306
corpus linguistics 201–18
Cortes, Carlos 308
Coulmas, Florian 89–90, 188
Croghan, Richard 307
Cruz, Andres Cristobal 305
Cruz, Isagani R. 16, 18–19, 97, 124, 183, 190, 331, 372
Cu, Ernest L. 223
Culler, Jonathan 317, 322
culture 261–78, 322–3, 360
da Costa, Rafael Zulueta, see Zulueta da Costa, Rafael
Dalisay, Jose Y., Jr. 97, 308, 311, 313–4, 326
Dato, Luis G. 283–4, 293
Dato, Rodolfo 282, 293
David, Joel 125
Davis, Rocio G. 342–3, 347
Dayag, Danilo T. 7, 22, 49–66
Dayrit, Joy 308
Daza, Julie Y. 123
de Guzman, Estefania S. 36
de Jesus-Chua, Noelle Q. 347
de la Paz, Oliver 345–6
De La Salle University 294, 309, 321; see also universities
de los Santos, Marisa 346
de Ocampo, Nick 116
de Ungria, Ricardo M. 295
Dei, George J. Sefa 67
Dekker, P. Gregory 36
del Mundo, Clodualdo, Jr. 124
Delbridge, Arthur 21
Demetillo, Ricaredo 294, 342
diaspora, see Filipino diaspora
Dimalanta, Ophelia A. 18, 295, 340, 342
Dirks, Nicholas B. 81
Dirlik, Arif 68–9, 78
Dissanayake, Wimal 68
Dizon, D. Paulo 304
Dominguez, Carol 224, 227
Doronila, Amando 34
Dumdum, Simeon 7, 291, 295, 357–68
Dyen, Isidore 154
Eagleton, Terry 322
economy 3
EDSA revolt, the 115, 116, 122, 328
education 22, 29–48, 77, see also languages in education
edulect 20–1; see also acrolect; basilect; lects; mesolect
Eggins, Suzanne 230
English and indigenous languages 143–4
English as a medium of instruction 279
English language competence 224
English language media 49–66; see also language and the media
Enriquez, Antonio Reyes 265–6, 307–8, 313, 328
Enriquez, Emigdio Alvarez 320
(p.398) Enriquez, Virgilio G. 33, 35
Errington, Ellen 36
Escober, E.R. 350
Espina, Lina 304
Espiritu, Clemencia C. 36
Estioko, Leonardo 246
Estrada, Bayardo E. 287
Estrada, Joseph ‘Erap’ 3, 22, 57, 124–5
Evans, Glenn H. 179, 190
Evasco, Marjorie 18, 287, 295
Faigao-Hall, Linda 344–5
Fanon, Frantz 69, 71, 300
Feak, Christine B. 204
Fee, Mary Helen 251
Feria, Dolores Stephens 300
Fernandez, Doreen G. 255
Fernando, Gilda Cordero 304–5
Fernando, Lloyd 264
Ferrer, Jamie 224
Filipinisms 18, 201, 268, 274
Filipino (language) 4, 6, 16, 20–2, 40, 88–91, 107, 262, 338–9, 343
Filipino (people) 2–8, 104, 114, 247, 322, 326
Filipino diaspora 1, 8, 310, 321, 332, 337–55
Filipino-American War, see Philippine-American War
Filipino-English code-switching 41
Florentino, Alberto S. 337
Flores, Nona C. 350
Fojas, Felix 346
Forey, Gail 7, 219–42
Francia, Luis H. 94–5, 295, 344–5
Freer, William B. 179–80, 190
Frei, Ernest J. 188–9
Freire, Paulo 250
Friedman, Jonathan 72, 78, 81
Fuson, Karen C. 43
Galang, M. Evelina 310, 343, 346
Galang, Zoilo M. 95, 321, 323
Galdon, Joseph 306, 313
Gallman, Andrew F. 154
Gamalinda, Eric T. 295, 310, 320, 327, 344, 349
Gambito, Sarah 345
Garcellano, Rosario 307
Garcia, Neil C. 125, 295
Garcia, Rodney Dakita 346
Gentleman, Amelia 225
Genuino, Cecilia 60
Gledhill, John 69
globalization 7, 34, 37–9, 44, 68–72, 76–7, 79, 226, 237–8, 291, 309, 311, 329
Gloria, Eugene 295, 346
Go, Stella P. 77
Golay, Frank Hindman 318
Gonzales, Sydney D. 60
Gonzalez, Andrew B., FSC 4, 7, 13–27, 32, 34–5, 58–9, 74–5, 77, 90–1, 94, 99, 107, 123–4, 143, 154, 158–9, 169–70, 177, 189, 201–2, 204, 216, 220, 225, 266, 319–20, 330–1
Gonzalez, N. V. M. 16, 95, 99, 293, 299–301, 303–6, 312–3, 320–1, 323, 326, 342–3, 360, 363–4
Gonzalez, Romina 308
Gonzalves, Theodore S. 346
Goss, Jasper 78
Gotera, Vince 346
Graff, Gerald 248
Greenbaum, Sidney 80
Greenleaf, Robert 224
Greenlees, Donald 5
Grefalda, Reme-Antonia 346
Griffiths, Gareth 261
Grimes, Barbara F. 154
Grosjean, Francois 40
Groyon, Vicente III 309
Gruenberg, Estrellita V. 320
Guerrero, Amadis Ma. 307
Guerrero, Leon Ma. 331
Guerrero, Milagros C. 108
Guerrero, Rafael Maria 123–4
Guha, Ranajit 69
Gumbel, Peter 72, 81
Gustilo, Leah E. 60
Hagedorn, Jessica 7, 20, 24, 101–2, 104, 113, 117, 123, 310, 321, 328, 343–4
Hakuta, Kenji 39–40
(p.399) Halleck, Reuben P. 249
Halliday, Michael 230
Hansen, Miriam 123
Hau, Caroline S. 7, 74, 123, 317–36
Headland, Janet D. 154
Headland, Thomas N. 154
Heller, Monica 81
Hernandez, Jose M. 256–7
Hidalgo, Antonio 308
Hidalgo, Cesar A. 88–9, 99, 188
Hidalgo, Cristina P. 299–316, 321
Hiligaynon 30, 131–56, 188, 283, 319, 338
Holborow, Marnie 73, 78
Hollander, John 291
Holliday, Adrian 78
Holthe, Tess Uriza 345–6
Hong Kong English 177, 201–2, 208, 216–17
Hood, Susan 237
Hufana, Alejandrino G. 287–8, 291, 295
Huggan, Graham 329
Huk rebellion, the 328
Hutton, Christopher 67, 80
hybridity 348
Hymes, Dell 78
Igloria, Luisa 295, 346
Igorrote 180
ikabod 110–15
Ilio, Dominador 270, 294
Ilocano, see Ilokano
Iloilo 107
Ilokano, Ilokanos 2, 131–56, 338
ilustrados 8, 103, 123–4, 186, 301, 312, 318, 332, 339, 358
imperialism 365
India 71, 78, 212, 216, 225–6, 264, 363–5
Infante, J. Eddie 124
Institute of National Language, see Surianng Wikang Pambansa
International Corpus of English (ICE) 201–18
Irving, Washington 248, 250, 252
Ishiguro, Kazuo 340
Jambalos, Thelma V. 201–2
Jannedy, Stephanie 162
Japanese (language) 16, 107, 363
Japanese (people) 304, 348, 365–6
Javellana, Stevan 304, 321, 325
Javier, Paolo 345
Jinkinson, Beth 3
Joaquin, Nick 7, 24, 95, 123, 269–70, 281, 285–7, 291, 303–4, 306, 313, 320, 326–7, 359, 363, 366
jolography 275–6
Joos, Martin 19–20, 216
Jose, F. Sionil 7, 18, 24, 304–6, 308, 320–1, 326–8
Jugo, Cyan Abad 308
Jurich, Sonia 38
Kachru, Braj 67–70, 73–4, 78, 80, 220, 225, 262, 266
Kalaw, Maximo M. 95, 323
Kandiah, Thiru 77–8
Kapampangan 131–56
Kaplan, Robert B. 189–90
Katigbak, Luis 308
Kimura, Masataka 325
Kramer, Paul A. 192
Kroeber, Alfred L. 182
Kubota, Ryuko 235
Kuipers, Joel C. 188
Kwon, Youngshim 43
Lacaba, Jose F. 109–10, 112, 306
Lacaba, Kris 275
Lacuesta, Angelo 308
Lacuesta, Lolita R. 124
language and the media: 49–66
television 49–51
vocabulary 55–8; see also English language media
language attitudes 382–3
language planning 5, 374–6
language policies 5–7, 29–48, 87–100, 374–6
language rights 6
language surveys 5, 30, 159, 247, 249–51
language training 221–3
(p.400) languages in education: 29–48, 376–82
English 14, 29–48, 74–8
languages of instruction, see medium of instruction
Lara, Susan 308
Laslo, Pablo 293
Laurel, R. Kwan 332
Laurilla, Mildred Rojo 61
Lauter, Paul 248
Laya, Juan C. 320, 325, 363
Legaspi, Joseph O. 345
Lehner, Al 235
Levinson, Stephen 60
lexicon of Philippine English, see Philippine English: lexicon
Lim, Jaime An 295, 308,
Lim, Paulino, Jr. 24, 346
Lim, Shirley Geok-Lin 329
Lim-Wilson, Fatima 295, 345–6
Lin, Angel M. Y. 77
linguistic imperialism 67, 91–4, 267
Linmark, R. Zamora 349
Litiatco, Alfredo 16, 293
Llamzon, Teodoro A. 19–21, 58, 96, 158–9, 168–9, 201, 220, 231, 266
Lloyd, David 322
Lo Bianco, Joseph 40
Lockwood, Jane 7, 219–42
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth 245–6, 248–50, 253
Lopez, Cecilio 134
Lopez, Salvador P. 15, 284, 293, 295, 303, 305, 313, 324, 329
Lowenberg, Peter H. 68, 211
Lukacs, Georg 326
Lumbera, Bienvenido 246–7, 269, 295, 300–1, 312
Lumbera, Cynthia Nograles 246–7, 269, 300–1, 312
lyric poetry 254
Mabanglo, Elynia Ruth 346
Mabini, Apolinario 13
Macapagal-Arroyo, Gloria 3, 22, 224, 338
Macedo, Donaldo 250
Macken-Horarik, Mary 230
Macquarie Dictionary 184–7
Madrid, Renato 307–8, 313
Madrunio, Marilu R. 61
magazines 54–5, 311
Magindanao 132
Majul, Cesar Adib 13
Manalang-Gloria, Angela C. 264–5, 283–4
Manalansan, Martin 125, 350
Manalo, Paolo 274–5, 295
Manarpaac, D. V. S. 7, 87–100
Manguera-Brainard, Cecilia 310, 343, 345–6
Maniquiz, Mike 350
Manlapaz, Edna Z. 287, 292–3
Maranan, Edgardo B. 295, 347
Maranao 132, 140
Marcelo, Nonoy 111–4
Marcos Regime, the, see Marcos, Ferdinand
Marcos, Ferdinand 3, 5, 88–9, 96–7, 107, 110–1, 114–5, 125, 306–8, 325–6, 328, 331, 338, 344, 348
Markus, Gyorgy 322
Marquardt, Frederic S. 179
Martin, Dalmacio 246
Martin, Isabel P. 7, 29, 245–60
Martin, James 230, 237
Martinez, David C. 350
Martinez, Norma D. 158
Matthiessen, Christian 230
Mazrui, Alamin M. 78–9
Mazrui, Ali 263
McArthur, Tom 80
McDermott, Ray 188
McFarland, Curtis D. 2, 7, 131–56, 190
McFerson, Hazel M. 2, 192
McKinley, William 29, 318
McKinnon, William D. 13, 246
McPhate, Mike 225
Medalla, David Cortes 347
media in English, see English language media
media, see mass media
(p.401) Medina, Loreta M. 347
medium of instruction 29–48, 88, 318, 361; see also English as a medium of instruction
Melendrez-Cruz, Patricia 35
Melvin, Reine Arcache 310, 347
memorization 17, 250–1
Mencken, H. L. 176
Mendoza, Diana 3
Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary 187, 190; see also dictionaries
mestizos/as 2, 103–5, 111, 113, 117, 123
Miller, Kevin F. 43
Millward, C. M. 153–4
mimicry 253–6
Minahal, Maiana 350
Miraflor, Norma 305, 310, 347
Miura, Irene T. 43
Mo, Timothy 7, 340, 357–68
Mojares, Resil 7, 300–2, 307, 319, 328–9, 331, 357–68
Monroe, Paul 13–14, 30, 35, 247, 251
Mooney, Isabela Banzon 264–6, 273–4
Moro 180
mother tongue 6, 31–6, 157, 217, 221–2, 268, 357
Mulholland, Kate 220, 228
multilingualism 7, 20–1, 23, 40, 44, 317, 371; see also bilingualism
Murray, Sabina 349
Naipaul, V. S. 360
Nation, James 268
national language 4, 89–91; see also Wikang Pambansa
National Language Law (1936) 16
nationalism 5, 21, 31, 74, 87–100, 106, 108, 190, 261–78, 322–6
Navarro, Rene J. 347
Nayyar, Deepak 72
Nepomuceno, Joseph 345
Nero, Shondel J. 157
new Englishes 157, 176–8, 190, 216, 266, 371
New Zealand English 176
New, W. H. 261
Newell, Leonard E. 189
newspapers 22, 53–4, 59–63, 312
Nezhukumatathil, Aimee 345
Ngugi wa Thiong’o 261
Nielo, Alberto M. 294
Nkrumah, Kwame 71
Nolledo, Wilfrido D. 305–6, 329, 342
Ocampo, Ambeth 124
Okamoto, Yukari 44
Olega, Jesus C. 293–4
Ondaatje, Michael 340
Ong, Charlson 308, 320–1, 327, 332
Ong, Han 349
Ordoñez, Elmer A. 33, 226
Ordoñez, Victor 346
Orsini, Francesca 330
Osmubal, Papa 347
Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) 37–8
Palanca, Clinton 308
Pallesen, A. Kemp 154
Pangasinan 131–56
Parakrama, Aljuna 73, 78
Pascasio, Emy M. 34
Pascual, Wilfredo O., Jr. 347
Patalinjug, Ricardo 307
Paterno, Ma. Elena 265–6, 308
Paterno, Pedro 332
Peñaranda, Oscar 345–6, 349
Peña-Reyes, Myrna 295, 346
Pennycook, Alastair 39, 67, 69, 73, 78, 80
pensionados 15, 76, 292, 339
Perez, Gilbert S. 179
Philippine cinema (film) 115–22
Philippine Commonwealth, the 16
Philippine English language: 13, 18, 220
borrowings 179–80
competence 22–3
consonants 162–3, 172
decline of English 30–1
features 385–91
grammar 18–19, 201–18
history 13–27
intonation 166–7
lexicography 175–200
lexicon 18–19
linguistic features 129–241
morphology and syntax 201–18
(p.402) phonology 18–19, 157–74
proficiency 37–8, 219, 224
segmental phonology 161–4, 168–9
social stratification 6
sociolinguistics 11–127
standard of English 224–6
stress 164–6, 174
suprasegmental phonology 164–7, 169–70
vocabular y 175–200
vocabulary in the media 55–8
Philippine English literature: 7, 14–15, 18, 94–6, 243–367, 391–3
Cebuano writers 357–68
colonial period 245–60
diasporic literature 337–56
fiction 317–36
history 300–10
history of poetry 279–98
novel 317–36
poetry 279–98
short story 299–316
Philippine languages: 131–56
borrowed phrases from English 150–2
borrowed words with Tagalog affixes 148–50
borrowing from English 145–8
borrowing from Philippine languages 179–80
groupings 140–2
language change 138–9
phonology 133–4
syntax 134–8; see also indigenous languages
Philippine-American War 3–4, 13, 191, 301, 328
Philippines: ethnic groups 2
geography 2
literature 245–60
sociolinguistics 11–127; see also Philippine languages
Phillipson, Robert 39–40, 67, 80, 91–5
pidgin 20
Pilipino 4, 21, 32, 81, 88, 89, 107, 143, 144, 181, 189, 258, 295, 329, 332
Pineda, Jon 345
Pineda, P. B. 40–1
Platt, John 268
Poe, Edgar Allan 252
Polotan, Kerima 304, 306–7, 320, 327
postcolonialism 67–86, 87–100, 261–78, 322
Prah, Kwesi K. 71, 81
Prator, Clifford H. 17, 29, 31, 166
Price, Helen 7, 219–42
private schools 20
Protacio-Marcelino, Elizabeth 33, 35
Puatu, Mar V. 310, 346
public schools 20
Purser, John T. 285
Quezon, Manuel L. 88, 103, 189, 295, 329
Quijano de Manila 123
Quimpo, Nathan G. 2
Quirk, Randolph 57, 80, 209
radio 22, 51–2
Rafael, Vicente L. 7, 101–28, 345–6, 361, 363
Rajagopalan, Kanavillil 78
Ramanathan, Vaidehi 71, 77–8
Ramos, Fidel V. 3, 22, 115, 320
Ramos, Geoffrey P. 223
Ramos, Maximino 30, 36
reading materials 17, 322
Realuyo, Bino A. 310, 321, 343–5
Recto, Claro M. 358
Reich, Robert B. 38
Reid, Lawrence A. 154
Remoto, Danton 125, 295
Reyes, Barbara J. Pulmano 350
Reyes, Emmanuel 120, 124
Reyes, Melissa Lopez 36, 43
Reyes, Myrna Peña, see Peña-Reyes, Myrna
Reyes, Soledad S. 319
Reyes, Virgil 347
Rivera, Aida R. 304, 308
Rividad, Emma 327
Rizal, Jose 7, 8, 13, 103, 123, 199, 290, 301–2, 312, 318, 324–5, 331–2, 339, 358, 366
Robertson, James A. 182, 318
Robinson, Jay 115, 264
Rodas, Jovita Zimmerman, see Zimmerman Rodas, Jovita
Rodriguez, Gloria F. 321
Roley, Brian Ascalon 310, 349
Romero, Ma. Corona S. 201
Rosal, Patrick 345
Rosca, Ninotchka 20, 24, 306–7, 310, 313, 321, 328, 343–4
Rose, David 230
Rose, Ed 220
Ross, Bruce Clunies 329
rote learning 17, 250–1
Rotor, Arturo 16, 255, 284, 303
(p.403) Ruiz, Rochita C. 347
Rushdie, Salman 309, 340
Sabado, Joseph 345
Saguisag, Lara 308
Said, Edward 67
Salamanca, Bonifacio 30
Salanga, Alfrredo Navarro 288–9
Saleeby, Najeeb Mitry 30, 35
Salmi, Jamil 38
Samar-Leyte 132
Samson, Antonio 326
San Juan, Epifanio, Jr. 33, 71, 78, 295
Sanchez, Wilfredo Pascua 305, 350, 364
Santos, Bienvenido N. 16, 285, 286–7, 303, 306, 309–10, 321, 326–7, 342–3, 349
Santos-Taylor, Marcelline 350
Sarmiento, Menchu 308
Sarreal, Nadine 310, 347
Sartre, Jean-Paul 71, 306
Schneider, Edgar W. 204
Schumacher, John N. 318
Schwab, Irene 78
Segovia, Lorna Z. 330
Selden, Raman 258
Sering, Tara F. T. 309, 314
Sernau, Scott 69, 71, 72
Shakespeare, William 246, 248, 250, 253, 329
Shannon, George Pope 253–4
Shaw, Angel 344–5
Shohat, Ella 69, 78
Short Message Service (SMS) 338–66
Sibayan, Bonifacio P. 17, 30, 32, 34–5, 40, 74–7, 88, 94, 266, 330
Silbey, David J. 191
Siliman University 309, 321; see also universities
Sitoy, Lakambini 308
Sivaramakrishnan, K. 69
Skinner, Michelle Cruz 310, 343, 346, 350
Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove 39–40, 79
Slade, Diane 230
Snyder, Edward D. 249
Snyder, Franklyn B. 249
sociolinguistics 13–127
sociology of language 374–6
Soliongco, I. P. 248
Spain 104, 106, 301, 348
Spanish (language) 87, 89, 105–9, 111–2, 148, 179–80, 246, 283, 358–60, 362
Spanish (people) 2, 89, 365
Spanish colonialism 178
Spanish-American War 3, 87
spoken English 14
Sta. Ana, Alan 158
Standard American English 225
standard English 264–71
standardization 20–1
Stapleton, Lara 343, 345
Starnes, Sofia M. 346
Stickmon, Janet 350
Stigler, James W. 43
Stiglitz, Joseph E. 69
Strobel, Leny Mendoza 345–6
Subido, Abelardo 293
Sullivan, Louis R. 182
Surianng Wikang Pambansa (Institute of National Language) 40
Svalberg, Agneta M. L. 234
Swain, Merrill 230
Swales, John M. 204
systemic functional linguistics 230
Tabios, Eileen 345
Tabor, Myrna G.A. 183
Tadiar, Neferti Xina 326
Taglish 1, 50, 52, 55, 101–28, 144–5, 319, 329, 338, 367
Tahimik, Kidlat 116
Talib, Ismail 267, 270, 275
Tarrosa-Subido, Trinidad L. 283–4, 293
Tayao, Ma. Lourdes G. 7, 19, 58, 157–74, 220, 231–3
(p.404) Taylor, Philip 220, 228
teaching of literature 245–60
television 22, 49–51
Teodoro, Luis V. 307
Terra, Perfecto, Jr. 347
Tharp, James A. 154
Thomas, Paul 322
Thomasites, the 4, 14, 177, 179
Thompson, Roger M. 319, 329
Thornton, William H. 72
Thumboo, Edwin May 264, 266, 272
Tiempo, Edilberto K. 304, 306, 332, 342
Tiempo, Edith L. 97, 285–7, 290, 294, 304, 309, 320, 342
Tiempo-Torrevillas, Rowena, see Torrevillas, Rowena Tiempo
Tiffin, Helen 261
Tinio, Rolando S. 6, 268–9
Tinio, Victoria L. 74
Tollefson, James W. 5–6, 35, 74–5
Tope, Lily Rose 7, 261–78
Torres, Emmanuel 288, 290–1, 295, 310–1
Torrevillas, Rowena Tiempo 295, 307, 310, 346
Tupas, T. Ruanni F. 7, 35, 67–86, 220, 225–6
Turner, George W. 176
Ty-Casper, Linda, see Casper, Linda Ty
UNESCO 38, 246
United States 13–16, 23, 29, 74, 245–60, 321, 326, 337; see also America
University of Santo Tomas 257, 309, 321, 340; see also universities
University of the Philippines 13–14, 189, 253–4, 256, 279, 299, 301–2, 309, 321, 341, 358; see also universities
Uranza, Azucena Grajo 270, 320, 328
Valeros, Florentino B. 320
Valle, Charles 345
varieties of English 224–6, 263–6
Vaux, James Hardy 178
Vega, Joel H. 347
Ventura, Rey 347
Vilches, Ma. Luz 41
Villa, Jose Garcia 15–16, 95, 256, 281, 283–7, 289, 293–4, 300, 302–3, 305–7, 310, 313, 341–3, 349, 363
Villacorta, Wilfrido V. 90–1
Villanueva, Marianne 310, 345–6
Villareal, Corazon D. 79, 268
Villena, Rosemarievic G. 36
Viray, Francisco 16
Viray, Manuel A. 293, 295, 304, 342
Virtusio, Genaro 256
Visayan English 366
Visayans, see Cebuanos
Wagemakers, Ella Sanchez 347
Wagner, Daniel A. 81
Walcott, Derek 263, 268
Walton, Charles 154
Warren, Robert P. 285
Webster, Noah 253
Webster’s Dictionary 57–8, 175, 181–2, 190–1, 195; see also dictionaries
Wee, Lionel 81
Weisser, Edna 347
White, Peter 230, 237
Wickberg, Edgar 123
Wikang Pambansa (national language) 4, 16, 107
Williams, Raymond 324
Witt, L. Alan 220
Worcester, Dean C. 182
world Englishes 67–86, 176
Wright, Gillian 220
written English 14, 19
Wurfel, David 33
Yabes, Leopoldo Y. 302–4, 313
Yap, Fe Aldave 181–2
Yeo, Robert 263
Young, Robert J. C. 68–71
Yuson, Alfred A. 7, 289–90, 295, 307–8, 313, 320, 327, 337–56
(p.405) Zabus, Chantal 268
Zafra, Jessica 308, 311
Zaide, Gregorio F. 279
Zimmerman Rodas, Jovita 346
Zorc, R. David Paul 154, 189
Zulueta da Costa, Rafael 16, 272, 284–5, 287, 294